The critical bottleneck for advanced nuclear. Track HALEU enrichment, TRISO fuel fabrication, and uranium mining capacity versus the growing demand from next-generation reactors.
| Company | Category | Product | Facility | Capacity | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| enrichment | HALEU (19.75% enriched uranium) | American Centrifuge Plant, Piketon, OH | 900 kg/year (demo); expanding to 6 MTU/year (120 centrifuges); plans for 12 MTU/year | operational | |
| enrichment | LEU and LEU+ (up to 10% enrichment) | Urenco USA (Eunice, NM) + Capenhurst, UK (HALEU planned) | 2.5M SWU new capacity program; 700,000 SWU at US site by 2027; UK HALEU: up to 27 MTU/year by early 2030s | operational | |
| enrichment | LEU enrichment + fuel fabrication + reprocessing | Georges Besse II (France); New US facility planned | 7.5M SWU/year (France); new US facility TBD | operational | |
| fuel-fabrication | TRISO pebble fuel (HALEU-based) | TX-1 Fuel Fabrication Facility, Oak Ridge, TN | 5 MTU/year (~700,000 TRISO pebbles) — enough for 11 Xe-100 reactors | under construction | |
| fuel-fabrication | TRISO fuel for defense and NASA applications | Lynchburg, VA | operational | ||
| fuel-fabrication | Metallic uranium-zirconium alloy fuel rods | INL Advanced Test Reactor (irradiation testing) | development | ||
| uranium-mining | Uranium concentrate (U3O8) | Cigar Lake + McArthur River, Saskatchewan, Canada | 30M+ lbs/year licensed capacity | operational | |
| uranium-mining | Uranium concentrate (U3O8) | Multiple ISR mines, Kazakhstan | World's largest producer (~25% of global supply) | operational | |
| uranium-mining | Uranium (In-Situ Recovery) | Multiple ISR operations, Texas and Wyoming | operational | ||
| uranium-mining | Uranium (ISR) | Wheeler River — Phoenix ISR Mine, Saskatchewan, Canada | under construction | ||
| uranium-mining | Uranium (conventional mining) | Rook I Project, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada | development | ||
| uranium-mining | Uranium + Rare Earth Elements | White Mesa Mill, Utah + multiple mine sites | operational | ||
| government-program | HALEU procurement and distribution | Multiple (Centrus, Orano, etc.) | Targets: 3 MT by Sep 2024, 8 MT by Dec 2025, 10 MT by Jun 2026 | operational | |
| policy | Ban on Russian enriched uranium (TENEX/Rosatom) | enacted |